HT Health Talk: In an era where health information is often overwhelming and contradictory, HT Lifestyle launches its latest reader-centric initiative: HT Health Talk. Every week, we invite HT readers to share their most pressing medical concerns regarding a specific health issue. We then take those ‘burning questions’ straight to the country’s leading medical experts to provide you with clarity, comfort and clinically backed solutions. Read this also HT Health Talk: You asked, our experts answered how to manage summer migraines
This week, we’ll dive into liver health. The World Health Organization (WHO) and major global health bodies highlight fatty liver disease as a growing silent epidemic. According to recent global estimates (Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 2022), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease worldwide, and affects 32 percent of adults worldwide, with higher rates in men (40 percent) than women (26 percent).
From diet choices to lifestyle habits, HT readers raised a barrage of concerns about liver health. To provide expert insight, we contacted Dr. Sonal Asthana, Principal Consultant, HPB and Liver Transplant Surgery, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru.
With 20 years of experience, Dr. Asthana explains your frequently asked questions:
1. Can fatty liver be reversed?
Yes, fatty liver can often be reversed, especially in the early stages. It mainly depends on making healthy lifestyle changes and following them regularly. Losing excess weight is one of the most important steps, as even small weight loss can reduce fat in the liver. a food balanced diet Eating more fruits, vegetables, whole grains and less oily or sugary foods helps improve liver health. Regular exercise, such as walking for 30 minutes daily, also helps with recovery. It is very important to avoid alcohol and reduce processed foods. Also helps manage conditions like diabetes and cholesterol. With continued care, the liver can heal and function normally again.
2. What are good foods for liver?
Foods that are good for the liver are those that help clean, protect, and support its function. Leafy green vegetables like spinach and cabbage help in flushing out toxins from the body. Fruits like apple, papaya and blackberries are rich in antioxidants and aid in liver health. Garlic and turmeric are very helpful as they reduce inflammation and improve liver function. Whole grains like brown rice and oats help in better digestion and reduce fat formation. Nuts like walnuts provide healthy fats that are good for the liver. drink green tea Can also help in liver health. Using healthy oils in moderation and drinking enough water daily helps keep the liver clean and healthy.
3. What are some causes of liver disease?
Liver disease can be caused by many different reasons. A common cause is drinking too much alcohol, which can damage liver cells over time. Another major cause is viral infections such as hepatitis, which affect the way the liver works. Eating too many unhealthy foods, especially oily and sugary foods, can lead to fat build-up in the liver. Obesity and lack of exercise also increase the risk. Some medications, if taken for a long time without proper guidance, can cause liver damage. High cholesterol and diabetes can also affect liver health. In simple words, unhealthy habits, infections and medical conditions are common causes of liver disease.
4. How can liver cirrhosis occur without hepatitis or alcohol consumption?
Other health conditions and lifestyle factors can lead to liver cirrhosis even without hepatitis or alcohol abuse. A common cause is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, where fat accumulates in the liver and slowly causes damage. Over time, this can cause liver damage. chronic conditions like diabetes, obesity and high cholesterol The danger also increases. Some genetic disorders can affect the way the liver processes iron or copper, causing damage. Some autoimmune diseases can cause the body to mistakenly attack the liver. Long-term use of certain medications or exposure to toxins can also cause liver damage. All these can gradually lead to cirrhosis.
5. What are the signs that your liver is not in good health?
Signs that your liver health is not good may be mild in the beginning but can become serious over time. Common symptoms include feeling very tired and weak for no apparent reason. Loss of appetite and sudden weight loss may also occur. Some people may feel pain or discomfort in the upper right side of the abdomen. Yellowing of the skin and eyes, called jaundice, is an important warning sign. Dark urine and yellow stool may also indicate liver problems. In later stages, there may be swelling in the legs or stomach. Frequent nausea, itching and easy bruising are other symptoms. If these symptoms appear, it is important to immediately consult a doctor.
6. If this is the beginning of fatty liver, how can we stop it from progressing?
If fatty liver is in the early stages, it can often be controlled and even reversed with simple lifestyle changes. The most important step is to lose excess weight in a healthy way, as this helps in reducing fat in the liver. Eating a balanced diet with less oily, fried and sweet foods is very helpful. Include more fruits, vegetables and whole grains in your diet. regular exerciseWalking or doing light workout for at least 30 minutes daily can improve liver health. Avoid alcohol completely, as it can make the condition worse. Also, manage diabetes and cholesterol if present. With consistency, the liver can recover and remain healthy.
7. What is the difference between NAFLD and ASH?
The main difference between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic steatohepatitis is their cause. NAFLD occurs in people who drink little or no alcohol, and is mainly associated with obesity, diabetes, and unhealthy eating habits. This means that fat accumulates in the liver even without alcohol. ASH, on the other hand, is caused by heavy alcohol consumption and causes inflammation and damage to the liver. If left untreated, both conditions can lead to serious problems, such as liver damage. In simple terms, NAFLD is related to lifestyle and metabolism, while ASH is directly related to alcohol use.
8. Can thin people get fatty liver?
Yes, even thin people can have fatty liver. This condition is often called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This happens even if a person does not appear overweight. The main causes include poor diet, excess sugar intake, lack of exercise and genetic factors. Some thin people may have excess fat accumulation inside the body, especially around the organs, which affects the liver. Conditions such as diabetes, high cholesterol and stress can also increase the risk. Therefore, body weight alone does not determine liver health. Even thin people should eat healthy, stay active, and get regular checkups to keep their liver healthy.
9. How much exercise is required to manage fatty liver?
Regular exercise is very important to manage fatty liver. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity such as brisk walking, cycling or swimming most days of the week, which means about 150 minutes per week. This level of activity helps reduce fat in the liver and improve overall health. You can also add simple strength exercises, such as light weight training or bodyweight exercises, two to three times a week. Even small changes, like climbing the stairs or walking more during the day, can help. The key is to be consistent. Regular exercise, along with a healthy diet, can improve liver function and prevent the condition from worsening.
10. Can I drink coffee with fatty liver?
yes you can drink coffee If you have fatty liver, it may also be helpful. Studies show that coffee can protect the liver and reduce inflammation. It may slow liver damage and reduce the risk of serious conditions like liver cirrhosis. Drinking 2 to 3 cups of plain coffee a day is generally considered safe for most people. However, avoid adding too much sugar, cream or flavored syrups, as these can increase calories and harm your health. It’s also important to listen to your body and not consume too much caffeine. Simply put, moderate coffee consumption along with a healthy lifestyle can help in liver health.
Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions you may have about a medical condition.
